Eli nqaku liye laphononongwa ngokuhambelana neenkqubo zokuhlela zeSayensi X kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo. Abahleli bagxininise ezi mpawu zilandelayo ngelixa beqinisekisa ukunyaniseka komxholo:
Iibhetri ze-lithium-ion zenkunkuma ezisuka kwiiselfowuni, iilaptops kunye nenani elikhulayo lezithuthi zombane ziyafunjwa, kodwa iindlela zokuphinda zisetyenziswe zisathintelwa ikakhulu ekutshisweni okanye ekunyibilikiseni iibhetri ezingaphumeleliyo ngokwekhemikhali. Iindlela zangoku zinokudala iingxaki zokusingqongileyo kwaye kunzima ukuvelisa ngokwezoqoqosho kwinqanaba lezoshishino.
Iinkqubo zesiNtu ziphinda zisebenzise ezinye iimathiriyeli zebhetri kwaye zixhomekeke kwi-caustic alkalis, i-inorganic acids kunye neekhemikhali ezinobungozi ezinokuzisa ukungcola. Ukukhupha iintsimbi ezibalulekileyo kufuna ukwahlula okuntsonkothileyo kunye nemvula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe isinyithi njenge-cobalt kunye ne-lithium kunokunciphisa ungcoliseko, ukuxhomekeka kwimithombo yangaphandle kunye nokuvala amakhonkco okubonelela.
Abaphandi kwiSebe laseMelika le-Oak Ridge National Laboratory baye baphucula indlela yokunyibilikisa iibhetri kwisisombululo solwelo ukunciphisa inani lemichiza eyingozi esetyenziswa kule nkqubo. Uphando lwabo lwapapashwa kwijenali ye-Energy Storage Materials.
Isisombululo esilula, esisebenzayo kunye nokusingqongileyo esiphuhliswe ngabaphandi be-ORNL soyisa imiqobo emikhulu ekuhlangabezwene nayo kwiindlela zangaphambili.
Iibhetri ezisetyenzisiweyo zixutywe kwisisombululo se-organic citric acid (efumaneka ngokwemvelo kwiziqhamo ze-citrus) echithwe kwi-ethylene glycol, i-antifreeze esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiimveliso zabathengi ezifana neepende kunye nezithambiso. I-citric acid ivela kwimithombo ezinzileyo kwaye ikhuselekile ukuphatha kune-acids ezingaphili. Esi sisombululo sihambelana nokusingqongileyo sibonelela ngenkqubo esebenza ngokugqithisileyo yokwahlula kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe iintsimbi kwi-electrode echajiwe kakuhle yebhetri, ebizwa ngokuba yi-cathode.
"Ngenxa yokuba i-cathode iqulethe izinto ezibalulekileyo, iyona nto ibiza kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na ibhetri, ibala ngaphezu kweepesenti ze-30 zeendleko zayo," watsho u-Yaokai Bai, ilungu leqela lophando lwebhetri ye-ORNL. "Indlela yethu inokunciphisa iindleko zebhetri ngokuhamba kwexesha." Uphononongo lwenziwe kwiziko lokwenziwa kwebhetri yeLebhu yeSizwe ye-Oak Ridge, esona sixhobo sikhulu sophando lwebhetri esivulelekileyo kunye neziko lophuhliso eMelika.
Itekhnoloji yokucubungula ephuhliswe apho ivumela phantse i-100% ye-cobalt kunye ne-lithium ukuba ikhutshwe kwi-cathode ngaphandle kokuzisa ukungcola kwinkqubo. Kwakhona iyakwazi ukwahlula ngokufanelekileyo izisombululo zetsimbi kwezinye iintsalela. Eyona nto ingcono kakhulu, umsebenzi wayo wesibini kukubuyisela ngaphezu kwe-96% ye-cobalt kwiiyure ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokongeza iikhemikhali ezongezelelweyo, ehlala iyinkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yokulinganisa amanqanaba e-asidi.
"Eli lixesha lokuqala ukuba inkqubo enye yesisombululo igubungele imisebenzi yokucoca kunye nokusebenza," utshilo umphandi okhokelayo uLu Yu. “Kwakubangel’ umdla ukufumanisa ukuba i-cobalt yanetha yaza yazinza ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Ukuphelisa imfuno yeekhemikhali ezongezelelweyo kunciphisa iindleko kwaye kugweme ukuveliswa kweemveliso okanye inkunkuma yesibini. "Siyavuya kuba le nkqubo yokuhlaziya iphuhliswe zizazinzulu zethu inokuvula indlela yokuphinda isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwezixhobo zebhetri ezibalulekileyo," utshilo u-Ilyas Belharouaq, umphandi wequmrhu kunye nomlawuli weCandelo loMbane e-Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
U-Bai uthe iimpawu ze-leaching ze-citric acid kunye ne-ethylene glycol ziye zafundwa ngaphambili, kodwa le ndlela isebenzisa i-asidi eninzi kunye namaqondo okushisa aphantsi kwaye ayisebenzi kangako.
“Simangaliswe yindlela ekhawuleze yaphuma kwisisombululo,” utshilo uBai. Ngeeasidi eziphilayo zihlala zithatha iiyure ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-12, kodwa le ithatha iyure kuphela.” Izisombululo zesiNtu zisebenzisa i-asidi ye-inorganic nazo zicotha kuba ziqulathe amanzi, apho iqondo lokubilisa linciphisa ubushushu bokusabela.
Ulwazi oluthe vetshe: Lu Yu et al., Ukwahlula okusebenzayo kunye ne-co-upipitation ye-cathode elula yokuphinda isetyenziswe, i-Energy Storage Materials (2023). I-DOI: 10.1016/j.ensm.2023.103025
Ukuba udibana netypo, ukungachaneki, okanye ungathanda ukungenisa isicelo sokuhlela umxholo kweli phepha, nceda usebenzise le fomu. Ngemibuzo ngokubanzi, nceda usebenzise ifom yethu yoqhagamshelwano. Ukufumana ingxelo jikelele, sebenzisa icandelo lezimvo zoluntu lingezantsi (landela izikhokelo).
Ingxelo yakho ibaluleke kakhulu kuthi. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yomthamo ophezulu wemiyalezo, asinakuqinisekisa impendulo eyenzelwe wena.
Idilesi yakho ye-imeyile isetyenziselwa kuphela ukuxelela abamkeli abathumele i-imeyile. Idilesi yakho okanye idilesi yomamkeli ayisayi kusetyenziselwa nayiphi na enye injongo. Ulwazi olufakayo luya kuvela kwi-imeyile yakho kwaye aluzukugcinwa yiTech Xplore nangaluphi na uhlobo.
Le webhusayithi isebenzisa iikuki ukwenza lula ukukhangela, ukuhlalutya ukusebenzisa kwakho iinkonzo zethu, ukuqokelela idatha yentengiso yobuqu, kunye nokubonelela ngesiqulatho esisuka kubantu besithathu. Ngokusebenzisa iwebhusayithi yethu, uyavuma ukuba uwufundile kwaye uyawuqonda uMgaqo-nkqubo wethu waBucala kunye neMiqathango yokuSebenzisa.